Genii Loci and Ecocriticism from Mythology to Fantasy

This paper sheds light on the ecocriticism that can be read in fantasy literature, and the roots of this environmental thinking which dates back to ancient mythology. Genii loci in particular, deities of specific locations or natural features, are analysed diachronically as a phenomenon throughout the history of fantasy literature. Genii loci held a certain power in the minds of men in their ancient form; this paper argues that this power has not dwindled over time but that it has evolved to better reflect the environmental issues facing the planet in our modern world, whilst also drawing upon new philosophies and movements. Specifically, this thesis focuses on two species of the genii loci. There is a discussion of the deities of various rivers and bodies of water in British mythology and fantasy literature, and the impact that water pollution has had on their presentation and the power of these spirits to combat such pollution. Furthermore, there is an analysis of the genii loci of trees in European literature, evidencing the tumultuous relationship between humankind and the forests which for so long acted as dwellings for humanity.