Basel-Vanagaite, L., Sarig, O., Hershkovitz, D., Fuchs-Telem, D., Rapaport, D., Gat, A., Isman, G., Shirazi, I., Shohat, M., Enk, C.D., Birk, E., Kohlhase, J., Matysiak-Scholze, U., Maya, I., Knopf, C., Peffekoven, A., Hennies, Hans C., Bergman, R., Horowitz, M., Ishida-Yamamoto, A. and Sprecher, E. (2009) RIN2 deficiency results in macrocephaly, alopecia, cutis laxa, and scoliosis: MACS syndrome. American Journal of Human Genetics, 85 (2). pp. 254-263. ISSN 1537-6605
Abstract

Inherited disorders of elastic tissue represent a complex and heterogeneous group of diseases, characterized often by sagging skin and occasionally by life-threatening visceral complications. In the present study, we report on an autosomal-recessive disorder that we have termed MACS syndrome (macrocephaly, alopecia, cutis laxa, and scoliosis). The disorder was mapped to chromosome 20p11.21-p11.23, and a homozygous frameshift mutation in RIN2 was found to segregate with the disease phenotype in a large consanguineous kindred. The mutation identified results in decreased expression of RIN2, a ubiquitously expressed protein that interacts with Rab5 and is involved in the regulation of endocytic trafficking. RIN2 deficiency was found to be associated with paucity of dermal micro-fibrils and deficiency of fibulin-5, which may underlie the abnormal skin phenotype displayed by the patients.

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